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Carol Ann Hafner didn't have a lot of money when she took Fluff to be cremated at a pet memorial park last July, but she felt she owed her cat a proper send-off.
Fluff, a Himalayan Persian cat in his teens, had helped Hafner through some stressful times in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, which struck in October 2012. Hafner, who was in the process of moving to a new house in Toms River, N.J., lost the house she planned on renting to the storm. For better or worse, she was able to continue living in her apartment, which would lack heat for the next two and a half months.
Throughout 2013, Hafner, 60, who recently left her job doing public relations for a community college, went through health issues, career stress, a lawsuit with her landlord, no heat, no air conditioning either, and discord with her ex-husband. But all the while, Fluff was there for her. That is, until he wasn't. He died last July of polycystic kidney disease.
Hafner has three stray kittens she is caring for now, but Fluff, she said, "is my pet soulmate."
So when he died, because Hafner had no place of permanency, like a backyard, where she could bury Fluff, she was determined to do right by him. She chose a pet memorial park about a three-hour drive away, spending close to $300 to have him cremated.
Some time ago, Hafner's pet cremation might have been seen as a curiosity. Today a pet cremation is considered mainstream. There are some fringe elements in the pet loss industry — for instance, you can have your pet stuffed with cotton and freeze-dried for around $500 to $700. Is it possible that some businesses exploit a pet owner's grief? Quite likely. Hafner thought it was a bit much that the memorial park charged her an extra $100 to view the cremation.
Same playbook as humans
But in general, the pet loss industry, as much as possible, is following the same playbook used for humans, and all signs point to an increasing lack of distinction between how we say good-bye to our human and animal loved ones.
The pet loss industry has been a growing trend for probably longer than you think. Way back in 1970, for instance, NBC Evening News ran a story on how pet funerals were a growing trend, and a year later the International Association of Pet Cemeteries and Crematories, designed for the purpose of educating the public about pet burial, was founded in West Chicago; it has since relocated to Atlanta.
Now, not only are there funeral homes, crematories and cemeteries for pets across the country — some numbers suggest as many as 700 nationwide — there are pet loss support lines for grieving owners. For instance, Procter & Gamble, which manufactures numerous brand names including Iams dog food, has a phone line open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET, Monday through Friday (888-332-7738), and several animal-rescue nonprofits and colleges of veterinary medicine maintain phone lines as well. (Ohio State University has a helpful web page with hotlines, here.) Many pet food television commercials and pet stores routinely refer to dog and cat owners as "pet parents."
It may seem like too much or even silly to those who don't have pets, and even to some pet lovers. But Dr. Jeff Werber, a veterinarian who has a private clinic in Los Angeles, Century City Veterinary Group, isn't surprised that pet loss has turned into a money maker. There is definitely a need, said Werber, who has become known for taking care of the pets of some of Hollywood's biggest stars, including Britney Spears, Julia Roberts, Eddie Murphy, Mandy Moore, Ben Affleck and Mark Wahlberg.
"One of the most difficult things to deal with as a pet owner is making that decision to say goodbye," Werber said. "And unfortunately, we usually have to make that decision. It would be great if we'd wake up and discover that our geriatric dog or cat peacefully died in his sleep, but 95 percent of the time, or more, we're faced with the decision of how and when to say goodbye."
That can be heartbreaking. While a veterinarian will often make the final call on the right time to put down a pet, there is still often that period beforehand in which an owner struggles with whether it's the right or wrong moment to say goodbye.
Hafner's vet didn't discourage her from keeping Fluff around but made it clear the cat had a small window of time. After that visit, Hafner gave Fluff herbal supplements, which seemed to help. Mostly, however, "I watched this poor animal get sicker. I felt so helpless that I couldn't make him more comfortable.
"I did the best I could," Hafner said, "but I kept thinking it would be nice if there was a hospice for animals that I could take him to."
It's a growing network of veterinarians who provide in-home hospice care for pets, operating in 36 locations across 16 states. Vets visit the pet owner's home and tend to terminally ill or geriatric animals until it's time to let them go with euthanasia. The home service always costs more, of course, but Werber makes a strong case for considering in-home euthanasia over putting an animal down at the vet's office.
"They know the smells of the vet's office, and is that really what I want for them to have in their mind for the last thing they do?" Werber asks, adding that if a dog or cat can die peacefully in its favorite bed, surrounded by its human family, that's the best scenario an owner can hope for.
But for those who want their dying pet to live in comfort for as long as possible yet don't feel that their home is the best place for that, there may be options soon. What's believed to be the first brick-and-mortar pet center, called Into the Sunset Pet Transition Center, is opening March 10 in San Diego.
Vivianne Villanueva, the founder and owner of Peaceful Paws Cremation and Memorials, which opened in 2005, conceived the idea after hearing from her clients and from anecdotes she's picked up from her husband, a veterinarian. Villanueva believes there's a significant need for an out-of-home hospice center for pets.
For those wondering about the cost, the initial two-hour consultation costs $250, she said. Prices could range from several hundred dollars to well into the thousands.
"We'll be very clear that this isn't a place to be cured," Villanueva said. "We aren't going to delay death or hasten it. Our pet owners' pets will have a customized treatment plan based on the pet, the disease and the pet owner's wants and desires."
Memorial services
The funeral industry — for humans — has noticed the pet loss industry's success and has been getting in on the action. Aurora Casket Co., headquartered in Aurora, Ind., and one of the nation's largest casket and urn makers, last year began manufacturing a line of 100 different pet urns, which are mostly sold to funeral homes and not individuals.
"More and more funeral service operators are getting into this business of cremating pets and even, in some cases, holding memorial services of pets," said Marty Strohofer, the vice president of Aurora.
He said it's natural that the funeral industry would gravitate toward pets. "Funeral homes across the nation are trying to build relationships with families," said Strohofer, adding: "You know, that's the unique aspect of funeral care. There's no legal way to generate demand in this industry."
But there probably will be no shortage of demand for pet funerals. Werber says he hears a lot of people vow to never go through the loss of a pet again, and in almost every case, the same person will get another pet.
"When you've experienced the love and bond of a pet, there's no way your heart will allow you to live without one," Werber said.
Which is good for the pet business. "There's a whole sort of industry that's emerged for pet loss, that goes beyond the urn," said Strohofer. "There are a lot of memorial-type products that have gotten their start with humans. People are creating personalized blankets and memorialized quilts and photo books — anything that you've seen at a funeral for a human, you're starting to see similar versions for pets.
"What I hear from customers," said Strohofer, "is that they're somewhat amazed at how much money some customers will spend on their pets. A lot of funeral directors joke that they have families who would spend more on their pets than their own mother."
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